Sleep, diabetes, and pain go hand-in-hand. Poor sleep or lack thereof can increase the risk for or worsen diabetes and unfortunately, diabetes can cause sleep loss. People that are tired and sleep deprived tend to eat more sugary foods and drinks in order to increase their energy.
Lack of adequate sleep is, of course, related to weight gain as well which in turn can worsen sleep, insulin resistance, and glucose tolerance. It is a vicious cycle—weight gain worsens sleep, which worsens weight and diabetic control, which worsens weight, which worsens sleep—on and on the cycle goes.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is associated with insulin resistance (independent of obesity). Use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may improve insulin sensitivity.
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